Reviews Before becoming PGY: Pediatrics (中篇)- 新生兒黃疸
References:
=UpToDate
=OSCE 臨床技能測驗完全攻略
=北榮兒科臨床手冊(104/08修訂版)
=Jackie Lou C. Acha "hyperbilirubinemia" retrieved from SlideShare
1. Neonatal jaundice
=UpToDate
=OSCE 臨床技能測驗完全攻略
=Jackie Lou C. Acha "hyperbilirubinemia" retrieved from SlideShare
- 生理性黃疸的五個原因:血紅球較多/turnover rate較高、血紅素較脆弱、肝臟無法有效conjugate bilirubin、腸道菌無法有效將bilirubin轉化出urobilinogen/stercobilin甚至藉beta-glucuronidase反轉回unconjugated form
- 生理性黃疸的特色:
- 多落在Bhutani nomogram的40 percentile以下(low risk)
- 時間上出生後1~2週內消失/ 不會在剛出生24hrs之內出現
- 足月/早產兒都會有,但早產兒較慢達peak(一週)、peak較高(15 mg/dl)、機率較大(80%)
- 不需治療
- 病理性黃疸的原因:溶血、非溶血(血腫/polycythemia/腸肝循環↑/UGT1A1 defect/hypothyroidism/bilirubin排泄障礙)
-病理性黃疸的特色:
- 太早--->出生後24hrs內
- 太高--->bilirubin >95 percentile
- 太高--->direct bilirubin >1mg/dl (total<5), or >20%(total>5)
- 太快--->0.2mg/dl per hour, 5mg/dl per day
- 太久--->持續兩週(足月)/三週(早產)
- 須注意潛在疾病,高於25mg/dl 會有神經傷害 (甚至更低就會!)
- 病理性黃疸的急慢性變化
- 急性:ABE- 高頻哭聲、嗜睡、肌肉低張力--> 發燒、肌肉高張力--> 呼吸中止、難以餵食、角弓反張、癲癇、昏迷、虛弱顫抖哭
- 慢性:kernicterus- 基底核、腦幹受損,產生不自主運動、聽覺異常、向上注視異常、琺瑯質不全
- 病理性黃疸的治療:照光、blood exchange、補albumin、IVIG、ursodeoxycholic acid、metalloporphyrin?
- Breast feeding jaundice and breast milk jaundice
from SlideShare
breast feeding jaundice--> encourage intake
breast milk jaundice--> stop breast feeding for 2~3 days
# http://www.pathophys.org/neonatal-hyperbilirubinemia/neonataljaundice-approach/
- 急性:ABE- 高頻哭聲、嗜睡、肌肉低張力--> 發燒、肌肉高張力--> 呼吸中止、難以餵食、角弓反張、癲癇、昏迷、虛弱顫抖哭
- 慢性:kernicterus- 基底核、腦幹受損,產生不自主運動、聽覺異常、向上注視異常、琺瑯質不全
- 病理性黃疸的治療:照光、blood exchange、補albumin、IVIG、ursodeoxycholic acid、metalloporphyrin?
- Breast feeding jaundice and breast milk jaundice
breast feeding jaundice--> encourage intake
breast milk jaundice--> stop breast feeding for 2~3 days
# http://www.pathophys.org/neonatal-hyperbilirubinemia/neonataljaundice-approach/
- Breast feeding jaundice and breast milk jaundice
from SlideShare |
breast feeding jaundice--> encourage intake
breast milk jaundice--> stop breast feeding for 2~3 days
# http://www.pathophys.org/neonatal-hyperbilirubinemia/neonataljaundice-approach/
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